Apparatus for winding armatures



March 6, 1928. 1,661,331

n v A. B. GOMORY APPARATUS FOR WINDING ARMATURES Original Fil ed Feb. .3, 1923 3Sheets-Sheet l I 7.3 Wm re 1 March 6,1928. U 1 1,661,331

A. B. GOMQRY I APPARATUS FOR WINDING ARMATURES Original Filed Feb. 5, 1923 3 h etsheet 2 March 6, 1928. 1,661,331

A. B. GOMORY APPARATUS F-OR WINDING ARMATURES Original Filed Feb. 5, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 (257'. 7 gmw m Patented Mar. 6, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

ALBERT B. GOMORY, F ANDERSON, INDIANA, ASSIGITOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO DELCU-BEMY CC'RPORATIGIQ', OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

APPARATUS FOR WINDING ARMATURES.

Original application filed February 3, 1923, Serial No. 616,842.

September 26, 1924, Serial No. 740,058.

This invention relates to the manufacture of arniatures for dynainoelectric-machines and particularly to armaturcs having open slotted cores.

This application is division of my copending application, Serialllo. 6163,8 12, filed February 3, 19 and disclosing an 1mprovcd process of winding the armature conductors upon the armature core in order to secure compactness of the windings and to l'acilid .ie attachment of the terminals thereof to coinn'iutator bars.

[in object of the invention claimed in the present application i to provide suitable for carryin' out the processes (l .d in the or gi nal application rether and t'nthcr objects of the present invention will be apparent from the follow ing description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein a preferred form of embodiment of the present invention is clearly shown.

in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view partly in section of an armature core and shaft prepared for receiving the windings;

Fig. 2 is an end *iew of the armature after the windings have been applied and the commutator has been mounted upon the .re shaft;

a perspective view of an armature armature coil wound thereon together with the handle assembled on the armature shaft, said handle being employed in th armature winding process Fig. at is a fragmentary perspective view of the machine employed for winding arma tures;

, 5 is a fragmentary pcrs aective view showing the vinding head without the armature in position;

Fig. (3 an edge view of the head with an. aniaiure core in position for winding;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the armature winding machine, thisview being taken from the side of the machine opposite to the shown in Fig. i.

The armature shown in, Fig. 1 includes provided with journals 31 and 32 a core 233 comprising a plurality of l inations shaped shown in Fig. 3 which are assemb ed upon the knurled portion 35 of the sha. O.

This assembly of lamina-- Divided this application filed Renewed August 11, 1927.

tions provides a core having a plurality of teeth T 1, T2, T3, etc., which include slots S1, S2, S3, etc, and as shown in Fig. 3 these slots are skewed, or arranged spirally with respect to the axis of the shaft 30 in order to reduce humming in the operation of the dynamo. The core laminations are held upon the shaft by a press fit over the knurled portion thereof, and each end of the core is provided with an insulating disc 36 of the same contour as the laminations 34-. Adjacent he disc 36 the shaft 30 is provided with insulating tubes 37 and 38, formed preferably by wrapping on the shaft several turns of insulating paper, the free end of the paper strip being held down by paste. The core slots are lined with overlapping strips lO and 11 described more fully in my copending application, Serial No. 751,183 filed Nov. 20, 192 1.

\Vinding of the armature is performed preferably by the use of a power winding machine of the type shown in Figs. 4 and 7. This machine includes a winding head mounted preferably upon a horizontally disposed spindle 51 which is driven in any suitable manner as by pulley 52 and belt 53 which is connected with some source of power not shown. The winding head 50 includes a cylindrical recess 54 adapted to receive the armature core 33, and diametrically opposite scoop-like por tions 55a, and 56a merging into cheeks 55 and 56. The portion 55a is notched at for a purpose to be described. The checks 55 and 56 merge with the cylindrical surface 57 of recess 5% at the edges and 56b, respectively. The edges 55?) and 56?) are angularly spaced and skewed with respect to the axis of the core 33 so that the wires 76 and 77 (to be described) will be guided into the skewed slots of the armature core having a predetermined spacing when the core is revolved by the head 50. The spacing or pitch of the windings is for example, seven, counting the slots into which the wires are directed and the live intervening slots. The wires 76 and 77 which are unwound from supply reels during the windof wire upon a core, are led over guide wheels (not shown) located preferably above winding machine and at such an angle thereto that, as an end of the armature shaft approaches the wires 7 6 and 77, these wires the wires are not engaged by tl e wint W; mower will not he engaged by the shaft "until after a scoop portion o the head has e; p he wires. lteterring to l igs. l and {3, it is evident that as the hard 50 revolves indi .sated by arrow o0 in Fig. 6, the scoop portion 55.51 will cause the wires to be pa her around the insulation the cementitor end cl shaft 30. The wires 76 and are held taut by a suitable tensioning device, and the minimum tension will occur when head. is the cheeks and earn wires into the armature slots the to on will be increased due to the fact that the wires are pushed away from tl normal po ion oi incl ation thus causing the unreeling oi the wires to be a -celerated. The

tension applied to the wire will vary accord ing to the size of wire.

it is apparent from the :toreggoii at ire will be held in engagein the scoop portions at ti o oroper tune with the cheel: portions so that the may function properly to direct the into the slots, The check portioi'is and the scoop portions are shaped so that there will be a substantial line oi: contact between the wire: and the head. ln this manner the p between the wires and head will be uted over a suhi ill portion oi? the \Vli so that the pressure applied to the wire by the headat any point of contact will not be suliicientto injure the insulation. oil the wire. For nianiplc, the line of contact liietwccn the wire and cheek extends from the edge 55?) to the periphery of the head.

The armature core maintained upon the windings head by means of a presser block 60 which rotatably mounted on a rod (it slida'ly supported by frame A spring ('33, hearing at one on l against trains (32 and at the other against a collar 6i carried by the winding head.

(ill

lit?" The cylindrical portion 57 of the head 50 which defines the bottom oi the recess 54-, is provided with an ind wring lug; 58 adapted. to project into that slot of the armature core which is midway between the slots which are located adjacent the cheeks and 56. In starting the winding operation the slot S1 for receiving coil No. 1, will he aligned with cheek while slot will be aligned with check 56. il hen the armature is properly located Within the recess 5i, lug 58 will extend in the slot S12. its the ari'i'iat'ure coils are successively wound on the core, slots E32, E53, S l etc., will he brought into alignmentwith the cheeit 55, and the lug): wlll be progressively inserted into the slots c125, hill, Ell, etc, respectively, will after.

The wire or forming the armature coils are uiiwoinul from, the spools or reels oif wire and each coil includes a plurality of turns, sin: turns in the or 'iple given. 'lwo wires are wound upon the core siinultane ously, and these wires are distinguished by providing one with white insulation and the other with colored insulation. ln Fig. 5% the wire haying white insulation is indiceted by the continuous line, and the wire having colored insulation is indicated by the broken line. The inside or bottom terminals of the first turns oi? each pair oi oils are designalll white and ill colored, while of the last or top turns of each coils are designated by 1T white s it the she a sue insulatirg tibe 3'7 asthe ceils Sl'i'lllj/ wound upon the core but eclrel by the overlapping perif the coils against the core ins ilat-- isc 36. ll hen the miniature disis completely W'Otllti there it'll be ll wire with white insulation. and ll insulation, milli- L coils or coils of wire with colored ing a total of 28 coils and coil terminals Vllicli are to be connected with the 28 con l have been pac red down a shalt during the winding process.

The bottom terminals of the coils are designated ill, 23, etc, while the top terminals are designated 1T, etc. it will be noted that the bottom to 'niinals are cut oil shorter than the top terminals, and since the two coils which are wound simultaneously are distinguished by the color of the insulation, there vill' be no dilliculty in identifying the tern'iilisls of the dill erent coils. 'lhere Will be no diiiiculty in locating the last coils wound on, nan'iely coil ll white and coil 14: colored, because, as shown in Fig. these coils overlap all or" the other coils and their top terinir s are cut oil longer than the other top tern'iinnls.

ln order to produce these omits, the wires joining the progressively wound armature coils ere. formed into loops, and these loops lill'ering disr core whereby to are severed in two places in tcnce from the armature tween successive winding; o 'ie'ratioos j 7 these leads are bent away tom the plane 0 the winding of the coils so that the overlapping portions of the coils cannot push the previously termed coil terminals down against the insulating tube 3?. In other words the winding must proceed in such. a way that the coil terminals can be brought out alongside the insulation disc 86, and as not to be pressed down by the successive coil winding operations against the tube In order to facilitate t he process of winding, there is provided a handle 70 which is provided with a central bore adapted to iit over one end of the armature shalt as shown in Figs. The ha cle is provit o and l. with a peg T1 and with a plurality of hooks 72 each extending toward the operator who is. on the sane side of the machine as shown in Fig. '7 or on the opposite side of the machine as shown in Fig. l. The drawings show handle having 1% hoohs one for each of the lit slots of the armature core which has been selected as an example to illustrate the winding process. The handle includes a sleeve 73 having an internal diameter sutlicient to receive that portion ot the armature to the left of the armature insulation 37' shown in Fig. 1 but the internal diameter of the sleeve 75 is less than the e .Zlttl. diameter of insulation 37 so that this insulation acts as a stop to limit the movement of handle 70 toward the armature core. ihe sleeve is provided with a shoulder 7% which serves as a guide for the blades of a pair of wire shippers so that the bottom leads or ends extending from the first turns 01'' the coils will all be severed oil a uniform distance from tne armature core. The sleeve 73 is provided with a groove T5 which serves as a guide for the snipper blades to facilitate cutting oil the top leads or ends from the last turns of the coils at a uniform distance from the armature core and so that the top leads or terminals will be longer, as measured from the core, than the bottom leads.

The white thread covered wire 76 and the colored thread covered wire 77 are pulled oil. the supply reels and are roved over the pulleys 78 a -d 79, respectively. The ends of these wires are twisted around the peg T1 to to start the winding operation. The spindle 51 is rotated in the direction of arrow 80 in Fig. 6 and arrow 81 in Fig. i, that is, the handle 70 moves down in front of the operator as it comes between the operator and the spindle 51 during the rotation of the handle about the axis of the spindle. is the winding head 5 rotates, the cheeks and 56 will guidethe wires 'Ttiand 7 into certain spaced armature slots. Fig. shows the first pair of coils to be wound on. The first or bottom turn of each coil extends through slot S1 and across the back of the core (the face of the core remote trem the commutator) and then tmvard the commutator end of the armature through the slot S9. In the example given each coil includes (3 turns. The bottom terminals of the pair 01" coils are cesignated by ill white and ll) colored in Fig. 9' and include that portion of the wire between the peg 71 and the slots S1. The leads from the last turns of the first coil to be wound on are designated 1T white and 1T colored in Fig. 3, and these ends are hooked over the hoolt lit and these wires which proceed from t hook H2 will form the bottom leads ot second coil wound on. Therefore these leads are designated 2B white and El) colored. After the iirst coil has oeen wound on, the ends of wires '76 and 77 are unwound from the peg 71 and are wrapped around the hook 111.

Before winding on the second pair of coils, the presser block is retracted from the armature to permit moving the armature out of the recess 5t sulliciently to clear the indexing lug 58. The operator turns the core in a d'rection ot the arrow 82 in Fig. 3 or 83 in Fig. so as to li up the slot S2 with the check 55 and the slot S10 with the cheek 5'6. Then the lever is released to permit the pressure head 60 to bear against the core. It the winding of the second pair of coils were to proceed without clipping the coil terminals 1B white and 1B colored, it is apparent li'rom Fig. 3 that portion of the second coil wound on would overlap these leads or terminals because a portion of the coil would extend across the core insulating disc between the slots S2 and S10. This portion would cross the terminals 113 white and 1B colored down against the insulating tube If none of the coil leads were clipped during successive coil winding operations, and the clipping of the leads were to be postponed until all of the coils were wound on, the resultovould be that the overlapping portions of these coils, which are clearly shown in Fi 2, would press all of the bottom leads of the coils and the lirst seven pairs 0t top leads down against the insulating tube 3'7 whereas the last seven pairs of top leads would come out on the outside. Such a construction would require the placing of the commutator at such a distance from the core as to permit bringing these bottom leads and top leads in the first seven coils around the end of the armature coils and the space would have to be sutlicient for properly insulating these leads from the overlapping portions of the coils, and there would need to be some abrupt bends made in some of the leads before they are brought out to their respective commutator bars. Such a construction would take up more room than necessary and would require additional labor to apply the necessary insulating material. But it the coil leads are all brought out alongside the core insulating disc 36, that is packed in between this disc ing wire into certain spaced armature slots, and having scoop portions adjacent the ends of the recess which are spaced from the armature shaft. one of said scoop portions having a notch extending from the peri buy of the head to facilitate moving the ar "ature coil ends away an the winding gion; and means for maintaining an armature within said recess while per i it to be rotated.

In a machine ror winding armatures, the combination with av rotatable shaft; of

winding head mounted thereon and provided with a recess adapted to receive an open-slotted armature core assembled on an armature shaft, and having means for guiding wire into certain spaced armature slots, said guiting means including surfaces extending from the recess toward the periphery of the head and provide a line of contact of substantial length between, the wire and the winding head whereby to distribute the pressure between the wire and the head over a substantial. portion of the wire to reduce damage to the insulation thereon; and mean for maintaining an armature within said recess while permitting it to be rotated.

4. In a machine for winding armatures, the combination with a rotatable shaft; of a winding head mounted thereon and provided with a recess adapted to receive an open slotted armature core assembled on an armature shaft, and having means for guiding wire into certain spaced ature slots and having an indexing lug extending from the wall of said recess to project into one of the core slots: and means for maintaining an armature within said recess while permitting it to be rotated.

5. A tool for the manufacture of a wire wound armature including a shaft and an open slotted core assembled thereon comprising a hollow sleeve adapted to fit over an end of the armature shaft and having a plurality of hooks equal in number to the numl'ier of armature core slots, said hooks being angularly spaced in conformity with the angular spacing of said slots, each hoolr being adapted for use in forming a loop of wire between windings successively applied upon the armature core.

6. A tool for the manufacture of a wire wound armature including a shaft and an open slotted core assembled thereon comprising a hollow sleeve adapted to fit over an end of the armature shaft and having a plurality of hooks equal in number to the number of armature core slots, said hooks being angularly spaced in conformity with the angular spacing of said slots, each hook being adapted for use in forming a loop of wire between windings successively applied upon the armature core said sleeve having annular provisions located at different distances from e; l of the sleeve each of said provisions adapted to guide winding the blades of a pair of wire cutters whereby certain branches of these loops may be severed at a uniform distance from the core, the severing of the loops freeing the hooks and the tool from the work.

7. Appa'i us for manufacturing; armatures includii g shaft attached to an openslotted core. comprising in combination, means for receiving the core and rotating it about an axis at right angles to the armature shaft and for guiding wire into slots having a certain spacing, and a tool adapted to be mounted upon the armature shaft and rotate therewith during the winding operation, said tool havinga plurality of projections spaced from the armature core, the projections progressively receiving the wire between successive coil winding operations, whereby loops connecting the coils are formed outside the core.

8. Apparatus for manufacturing armatures including a shaft attached to an openslotted core comprising in combination, a winding head for receiving the core anc rotating it transversely to its shaft axis and for guiding winding into coreslots having a certain spacing, said head ha ing a notch located adjacent the shaft when the core is received by the head and a tool adapted to be mounted upon one end. of the armature shaft and carrying means for facilitating the formation between coil winding operations, of loops joining the coils, said tool having provisions to facilitate cutting the loops to form leads, the said notch being adapted to receive certain leads into order to bend the leads away from the region of winding of succeeding coils.

9. Apparatus for manufacturing armatures including a shaft attached to an openslotted core, comprising in combination a winding head for receiving the core and rotating ittransversely to its shaft axis and for guiding winding into core slots having a certain spacing, said head having a notch located adjacent the shaft when the core is received by the head, and a tubular tool adapted to be mounted upon one end of the armature shaft and provided with projections corresponding in spacing with the core slots, each projection being adapted to receive the wire oining successive coils where by to form a loop outside the core the notch of the head being adapted to receive a severed portion of the loop forming a. coil lead in order to locate this lead out of the region of winding of the next succeeuing coil.

10. Apparatus for manufacturing armatures including a shaft attached to an openslotted core, comprising in combination a head for receiving the core and rotating it transversely to its shaft axis, and for grading windin core slois ha-vin a certain spacing, said head having a notch located adjacent the shaft when the'eore is received by the head, and a tubular too]- adapted to he mounted upon one end of the armature shait and provided with projections corresponding in spacing with the core slots, each projection being adapted to receive the Wire joining successive coils Whereby to form a. loop outside the core, the tool having annular provisions spaced from the 10 core for guiding the blades of wire cutters whereby certain branches of the coil loops inlay be severed at a uniform distance from forming it coil lead in order to locate this lead out of the region of winding of the next succeeding @011.

T in testimony whereof I hereto affix my signature.

ALBERT B. GUMORY. 

